In this summary I will talk about the different types of climates: Equatorial, Tropical continental, Monsoon, Hot deserts and Cold climates; and there characteristics.
Equatorial climate is usually found at laitude 5° north and south of the equator. It can be commonly found in South America, Africa and South-east Asia. This climate is hot and wet and there is not a seasonal change. Moreover, equatorial climates have an average precipitation vale exceeding 2000/2500 mm, because of thuderstorms which take place in the afternoon. The Equatorial climate is characterized by its humidity and its daily pattern. One day in an equatorial climate can be very similar to the next day, with places which get 12 hours of sunlight and 12 of darkness. Monthly temperatures are between 25°-33°c. By mid-afternoon there are heavy thuderstorms and nights are very warm and humid.
Tropical continental climate is located in the middle of the continents away from coastal areas, within 5° and 15° degrees either side of the Equator. It is mainly found in South America and Africa. The principal regions with tropical climate are the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Congo Basin in West Africa and Indonesia. In this type of climate there are two seasons: a hot wet season and a warm dry season. The average temperature is of 31°c and the annual range of temperature is of 8°c. The annual precipitation is of 920mm.
The Monsoon climate is located in southeast Asia. The word "monsoon" means "a season". There are two seasons: the south-west monsoon and the north-east monsoon. South-west monsoon it has a wet season which becomes very hot. The sun moves to the north of the Himalayas. Air is forced to rise over the Himalayas giving heavy reliel rainfall. This rain is great for rice cultivation but it can cause floods. The north-east monsoon, during winter, the sun moves to the south and places to the north of Himalayas get colder. As winds come from a dry area, the amount of rainfall is small.
Hot deserts can be found on the west coast of continents and within 5° and 30° degrees either side of the Equator. Some examples are the Atacama desert in South America, the Kalahari-Namib in southern Africa and the Australian and Mexican deserts. The annual precipitation is of 40mm and the annual range of temperatures is of 24°c. This type of climate is characterized by its high temperatures, its lack of rainfall and its high evapotranspiration.
Finally, cold climates can be located 60°N in Eurasia. Its also located in Scandinavia, Russia, North America, Central Alaska and northern Canada. Winters are dark, long and freezing. Strong winds make temperatures lower. Summers are a bit warmer than winters because there is no longer daylight. The annual precipitation is of 297mm because the air is too cold to hold moisture. The annual range of temperature is of 40°c.
